5-LOX, 5-Lipoxygenase; CDK, cyclin-dependent kinase; DFMO, difluoromethylornithine; EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor; ER, estrogen receptor; FGFR, fibroblast growth factor receptor; HIF-1α, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha; IGF-1R, insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor; MEK, mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase; MMP, matrix metalloproteinases; mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin; PDGFR, platelet-derived growth factor receptor; PPAR-γ, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma; SAHA, suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor; VEGFR, VEGF receptor.
∗ Target and agent involved in U.S. Food and Drug Administration–approved cancer risk reduction or IEN treatment.
∗∗ Target and agent involved in established cancer-risk reduction/chemoprevention.
† Therapy targets and agents with potential for chemoprevention.