Chapter 11 Cardiology
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACEIs)
MOA (Mechanism of Action)
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25AA164.jpg)
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25AA184.jpg)
Pharmacokinetics
Contraindications
Side Effects
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25AA430.jpg)
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25AA462.jpg)
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25AA497.jpg)
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25AA558.jpg)
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25AA583.jpg)
Important Notes
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25AA606.jpg)
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25AA626.jpg)
Advanced
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25AA662.jpg)
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25AA686.jpg)
Evidence
Hypertension
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25AA690.jpg)
FYI Notes
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25AA741.jpg)
Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs)
MOA (Mechanism of Action)
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25AA823.jpg)
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25AA827.jpg)
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25AA890.jpg)
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25AA928.jpg)
Pharmacokinetics
Side Effects
Important Notes
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25AA1226.jpg)
Advanced
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25AA1259.jpg)
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25AA1282.jpg)
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25AA1311.jpg)
Direct Renin Inhibitors
MOA (Mechanism of Action)
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25AA1493.jpg)
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25AA1537.jpg)
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25AA1711.jpg)
Evidence
Blood-Pressure Lowering Efficacy versus Placebo
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25AA1914.jpg)
FYI Notes
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25AA1922.jpg)
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25AA1931.jpg)
Sodium Channel Blockers (Class I Antiarrhythmics)
Description
Na channel blockers are Vaughan Williams class I antiarrhythmics. There are three subclasses: Ia, Ib, and Ic. The use of Na channel blockers as local anesthetics is discussed in the discussion of local anesthetics in Chapter 21.
MOA (Mechanism of Action)
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25AA1973.jpg)
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25AA2049.jpg)
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25AA2066.jpg)
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25AA2082.jpg)
Pharmacokinetics
Side Effects
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25AA2451.jpg)
Evidence
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25AA2682.jpg)
β Antagonists (β-Blockers)
Prototype and Common Drugs
MOA (Mechanism of Action)
To understand β-blockers, you must understand the effects of the adrenergic system and which effects are mediated via β receptors. β-Blockers competitively antagonize the action of catecholamines at β receptors. There are many cardiac and noncardiac consequences of β-blockade. More details on the autonomic nervous system are described in Chapter 3.
Hypertension
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25AA2906.jpg)
where SVR = systemic vascular resistance.
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25AA2924.jpg)
Tachycardia and Arrhythmia
The properties of β-blockers that make them antitachycardics include the following:
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25B41078.gif)
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25B41084.gif)
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25B41088.gif)
Myocardial Ischemia and Infarction
Chronic Congestive Heart Failure
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25AA3175.jpg)
Pharmacokinetics
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25AA3239.jpg)
Contraindications
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25AA3439.jpg)
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25AA3575.jpg)
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25AA3641.jpg)
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25AA3666.jpg)
Side Effects
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25AA3816.jpg)
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25AA3831.jpg)
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25AA3847.jpg)
Important Notes
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25AA3882.jpg)
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25AA3896.jpg)
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25AA3900.jpg)
Evidence
After Myocardial Infarction
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25AA3934.jpg)
Hypertension and Associated Stroke and Coronary Artery Disease
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25AA3945.jpg)
Obstructive Airway Disease (Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease)
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25AA3952.jpg)
Potassium Channel Blockers (Class III Antiarrhythmics)
MOA (Mechanism of Action)
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25AA4034.jpg)
Pharmacokinetics
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25AA4056.jpg)
![image](/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/x25B41362.gif)