Who Should Have a Fetal Heart Scan

Published on 07/06/2015 by admin

Filed under Neonatal - Perinatal Medicine

Last modified 07/06/2015

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2 Who Should Have a Fetal Heart Scan

I. GENERAL INFORMATION AND BACKGROUND

II. INDICATIONS

Indications for fetal echocardiography can be divided into three categories: maternal, fetal, and familial.

A Maternal indications

1. Maternal metabolic disorders.

a. Type 1 or 2 diabetes mellitus (preconception).

b. Phenylketonuria.

2. Maternal congenital (or familial) heart disease.

a. Congenital heart disease: Risk depends upon the specific lesion (Table 2-1) but in general ranges from 5% to 13%.

b. Cardiomyopathy.

3. Maternal autoimmune disease, specifically those associated with anti-Ro or anti-La autoantibodies (4%-25% risk in affected women).

a. Fetal atrioventricular heart block typically appears after 17 weeks’ gestation in a mother with autoantibodies and with or without clinical autoimmune disease.

b. Fetal cardiomyopathy with endocardial fibroelastosis.

4. Exposure to teratogens such as:

a. Alcohol: Atrial and ventricular septal defects.

b. Valproic acid.

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