Toxoplasmic Chorioretinitis
Clinical Features:
In recurrent cases, there is a characteristic focus of active chorioretinitis with overlying vitritis adjacent to a pigmented chorioretinal scar (Fig. 18.1.1). Associated retinal vasculitis may be present. The disease is almost always unilateral. Primary infection may present with a similar appearance in the absence of a pigmented scar (Fig. 18.1.2). Multifocality and bilaterality are rare except in immunocompromised individuals. In elderly patients, a severe form of toxoplasmosis that is relentlessly progressive, resembling acute retinal necrosis, can occur.
Figure 18.1.1 Color photograph of a typical toxoplasmosis chorioretinal scar with resolving active retinitis.
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