Ménétrier Disease

Published on 19/07/2015 by admin

Filed under Radiology

Last modified 19/07/2015

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 Engorged gastric arteries and veins

image No extension into perigastric tissues
• Histology: Marked foveolar hyperplasia (mucin production)

image Leads to protein loss and hypoproteinemia
image Atrophy of acid-producing cells → hypochlorhydria

TOP DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSES

• Gastritis
• Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
• Gastric metastases and lymphoma
• Gastric carcinoma

CLINICAL ISSUES

• Bimodal age distribution

image Children (usually boys)
image Has been associated with cytomegalovirus infection
• Adults, usually men (mean age: 55 years)

image Prolonged and progressive illness in most adults
• Complications

image Gastric carcinoma may have ↑ prevalence (controversial)
image Increased risk of deep venous thrombosis (DVT)
image Risk of atrophic gastritis, gastric ulcer, GI bleeding
• Treatment

image Medical therapy: Anticholinergic agents, antibiotics, prostaglandins, octreotide

– Monoclonal antibody (cetuximab), to EGFR
– High-protein diet
image May require total gastrectomy
image
(Left) Film from an upper GI series shows massive fold thickening throughout the gastric fundus and body, with relative sparing of the antrum. Also noted is poor coating of the mucosa by the barium.

image
(Right) CECT in a 68-year-old woman with proven Ménétrier disease, shows grossly thickened folds image in the gastric fundus and body, along with engorged gastric vessels image. The thick, tortuous folds resemble cerebral convolutions.
image
(Left) Film from an upper GI series shows massive fold thickening of the gastric fundus and body, with sparing of the antrum. Note the poor coating of the gastric mucosa with barium to the surface of the stomach, reflecting the excessive mucus discharge of the gastric glands.

image
(Right) In the same patient, CECT shows marked thickening of the gastric mucosa and submucosa image, but there is no sign of extension into the perigastric tissues. The gastric arterial and venous branches are engorged image, indicating hyperemia of the stomach.

TERMINOLOGY

Synonyms

• Hyperplastic gastropathy, protein-losing gastropathy

Definitions

• Rare acquired condition characterized by hyperproliferative protein-losing gastropathy of gastric foveolar epithelium

IMAGING

General Features

• Best diagnostic clue

image Grossly thickened, lobulated folds in gastric fundus and body with poor barium coating
• Other general features

image Rare condition of unknown cause

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