Chapter 309 Diagnostic Radiology in Dental Assessment
The panoramic radiograph provides a single tomographic image of the upper and lower jaw, including all the teeth and supporting structures. The x-ray tube rotates about the patient’s head with reciprocal movement of the film or image receptor during the exposure. The panoramic image shows the mandibular bodies, rami, and condyles; maxillary sinuses; and a majority of the facial buttresses. Such images are used to show abnormalities of tooth number, development and eruption pattern, cystic and neoplastic lesions, bone infections, and fracture, as well as dental caries and periodontal disease (see 
Fig. 309-1 on the Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics
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