Common drugs and infusions

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CHAPTER 12 Common drugs and infusions

Mark Davies, David Cartwright

Common drug doses

• Aminophylline (IV) or theophylline (oral/NG)

— loading……5 mg/kg

— maintenance…2 mg/kg/dose…every 8 hours

• Ampicillin (IV)…50 mg/kg/dose…every 12 hours

• Caffeine citrate (IV/oral/NG)

— loading…20 mg/kg

— maintenance…5–10 mg/kg/dose…daily

• Cefotaxime (IV)…50 mg/kg/dose…every 12 hours

• Chloral hydrate (oral/NG)

— hypnotic…50 mg/kg/dose…STAT

— sedation…6 mg/kg/dose…every 6 hours

• Dexamethasone…see pages 86–8

• Iron (oral/NG)…see page 76

• Flucloxacillin (IV)…50 mg/kg/dose

— first week of life…every 12 hours

— 2–4 weeks old…every 8 hours

— >4 weeks old…every 6 hours

• Frusemide (IV/oral/NG)…1–2 mg/kg/dose…every 12 hours

• Gentamicin (IV)…2.5 mg/kg/dose

— <30 weeks…every 36 hours

— ≥30 weeks…daily

— trough level, prior to third dose, <2 mg/L is OK

• Hydrocortisone (IV)…1–2.5 mg/kg…every 4–6 hours initially

• Indomethacin (IV) — a number of regimens exist:

— prophylaxis…0.1 mg/kg/dose…daily for 3 days

— treatment #1 (usual)…0.1 mg/kg/dose…daily for 6 days

— treatment #2…0.2 mg/kg/dose…every 12 hours for 3 doses

— treatment #3…0.2 mg/kg STAT…then 2 doses of 0.1 mg/kg…every 12 hours

— treatment #4…0.2 mg/kg/dose every 12 hours for 3 doses…then 0.1 mg/kg/dose daily for 4 or 5 days

• Midazolam (IV)…50–100 μg/kg/dose (i.e. 0.05–0.1 mg/kg)

• Morphine (IV)…50–100 μg/kg/dose (i.e. 0.05–0.1 mg/kg)

• Penicillin (IV)…60 mg/kg/dose… every 12 hours

• Phenobarbitone (IV/oral/NG)

— loading…20–30 mg/kg/dose

— further bolus…10 mg/kg/dose

— maintenance…2.5 mg/kg/dose…every 12 hours

• Phosphate (NG)…see page 76

• Ranitidine (oral/NG)…3–6 mg/kg/dose…every 8 hours

• Spironolactone (oral/NG)…1–2 mg/kg/dose…every 12 hours

• Theophylline see aminophylline

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