Approach to the Surgical Patient

Published on 16/03/2015 by admin

Filed under Orthopaedics

Last modified 22/04/2025

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Chapter 1

Approach to the Surgical Patient

Mark D. Miller, A. Bobby Chhabra, Francis H. Shen, Stephen Thompson, James A. Browne, David B. Weiss, Joseph S. Park

This book uses a bulleted text format and original color illustrations paired side by side with operative photographs to present orthopaedic anatomy and surgical approaches clearly.

Regional Anatomy

Regional anatomy for each section is presented in the following order:

Osteology (Bones)

There are 206 bones in the human skeleton (Fig. 1-1)

• 80 in the axial skeleton

• 126 in the appendicular skeleton

FIGURE 1-1 The human skeleton with major bones.

Arthrology (Joints)

Diarthrodial joints with hyaline cartilage, synovial membranes, capsules, and ligaments are emphasized

• Uniaxial joints allow motion in one plane and include ginglymus (hinge) and trochoid (pivot) types of articulations

• Biaxial joints allow movement in two planes and include condyloid, ellipsoid, and saddle joints

• Polyaxial joints allow movement in any direction and include spheroidal (ball and socket) joints

• Gliding or plane joints allow sliding of surfaces

Amphiarthrodial joints have limited motion, hyaline cartilage, and intervening discs

Myology (Muscles)

Function to move the joint that they cross

Have an origin and insertion

Surgical approaches usually involve intervals between muscles with different innervations

Nerves

Typically are branches from plexus

Commonly supply groups of muscles

May be motor or sensory or both

Vessels (with an Emphasis on the Arteries)

Emphasis is on avoiding these structures

Cross-Sectional Anatomy

Cross-sectional anatomy emphasizes key structures and their relationships with each other at critical levels.

Topographic Landmarks

Topographic landmarks are illustrated to assist in planning surgical incisions.

Radiographic Landmarks

Radiographic landmarks are illustrated to assist in correlating radiographic images to relevant surgical anatomy.

Hazards

Hazards—that is, a detailed description of structures at risk and how to protect them—are included for each anatomic region.

Related

Orthopaedic Surgical Approaches Expert Consult - Online