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K

Kaposi’s Sarcoma

• Stasis dermatitis
• Pyogenic granuloma
• Capillary hemangiomas
• Granulation tissue
• Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation
• Cutaneous lymphoma
• Melanoma
• Dermatofibroma
• Hematoma
• Prurigo nodularis

Kawasaki’s Disease

• Scarlet fever
• Stevens-Johnson syndrome
• Drug eruption
• Henoch-Schönlein purpura
• Toxic shock syndrome
• Measles
• Rocky Mountain spotted fever
• Infectious mononucleosis

Keloid

• Hypertrophic scar
• Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans
• Sarcoidosis
• Squamous cell carcinoma
• Recurrence of original tumor
• Fibromatosis

Keratitis, Noninfectious

• Collagen-vascular disease
• Atopic keratoconjunctivitis
• Chemical injury
• Thermal injury
• Ectropion/entropion
• Lid defects
• Exophthalmos
• Keratoconjunctivitis sicca
• Erythema multiforme
• Mucous membrane pemphigoid
• DM (delayed epithelial healing)
• Neuroparalytic (cranial nerve VII)
• Neurotrophic (diabetes, cranial nerve V)

Keratoacanthoma

• Squamous cell carcinoma
• Seborrheic keratosis
• Wart
• Molluscum contagiosum
• Basal cell carcinoma

Kidney Enlargement, Unilateral39

• Hydronephrosis (may be bilateral)
• Polycystic kidney (may be bilateral)
• Simple cyst of kidney
• Renal cell carcinoma
• Pyonephrosis (may be bilateral)
• Acute renal vein thrombosis

Knee Pain29

DIFFUSE

• Articular
• Anterior

• Prepatellar bursitis
• Patellar tendon enthesopathy
• Chondromalacia patellae
• Patellofemoral osteoarthritis
• Cruciate ligament injury
• Medial plica syndrome

MEDIAL

• Anserine bursitis
• Spontaneous osteonecrosis
• Osteoarthritis
• Medial meniscal tear
• Medial collateral ligament bursitis
• Referred pain from hip and L3
• Fibromyalgia

LATERAL

• Iliotibial band syndrome
• Meniscal cyst
• Lateral meniscal tear
• Collateral ligament
• Peroneal tenosynovitis

POSTERIOR

• Popliteal cyst (Baker’s cyst)
• Tendinitis
• Aneurysms, ganglions, sarcoma

Knee Pain, in Different Age Groups8

Common causes of knee pain in different age groups:

CHILDHOOD (2–10 YEARS)

Intra-articular

• Juvenile arthritis
• Osteochondritis dissecans
• Infection
• Torn discoid meniscus

Periarticular

• Osteomyelitis

Referred

• Perthes’ disease
• Irritable hip

ADOLESCENCE (10–18 YEARS)

Intra-articular

• Osteochondritis dissecans
• Torn meniscus
• Anterior knee pain syndrome
• Patellar instability

Periarticular

• Osgood-Schlatter disease
• Sinding-Larsen-Johansson syndrome
• Osteomyelitis
• Bone tumors

Referred

• Slipped upper femoral epiphysis

EARLY ADULTHOOD (18–30 YEARS)

Intra-articular

• Torn meniscus
• Patellar instability
• Anterior knee pain syndrome
• Inflammatory arthritis

Periarticular

• Ligament injuries
• Bursitis

ADULTHOOD (30–50 YEARS)

Intra-articular

• Degenerate meniscal tears
• Osteoarthritis
• Inflammatory arthritis

Periarticular

• Bursitis

Referred

• Osteoarthritis of hip
• Spinal disorders

OLD AGE (>50 YEARS)

Intra-articular

• Osteoarthritis
• Inflammatory arthritis

Referred

• Osteoarthritis of hip
• Spinal disorders

Korsakoff’s Psychosis

• Stroke affecting the temporal lobes or hippocampus
• Trauma affecting the temporal lobes or hippocampus
• Tumor affecting the temporal lobes or hippocampus
• Cerebral anoxia
• Transient global amnesia
• Dementing illness

[/level-membership-for-internal-medicine-category][not-level-membership-for-internal-medicine-category]

K

Kaposi’s Sarcoma

• Stasis dermatitis
• Pyogenic granuloma
• Capillary hemangiomas
• Granulation tissue
• Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation
• Cutaneous lymphoma
• Melanoma
• Dermatofibroma
• Hematoma
• Prurigo nodularis

Kawasaki’s Disease

• Scarlet fever
• Stevens-Johnson syndrome
• Drug eruption
• Henoch-Schönlein purpura
• Toxic shock syndrome
• Measles
• Rocky Mountain spotted fever
• Infectious mononucleosis

Keloid

• Hypertrophic scar
• Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans
• Sarcoidosis
• Squamous cell carcinoma
• Recurrence of original tumor
• Fibromatosis

Keratitis, Noninfectious

• Collagen-vascular disease
• Atopic keratoconjunctivitis
• Chemical injury
• Thermal injury
• Ectropion/entropion
• Lid defects
• Exophthalmos
• Keratoconjunctivitis sicca
• Erythema multiforme
• Mucous membrane pemphigoid
• DM (delayed epithelial healing)
• Neuroparalytic (cranial nerve VII)
• Neurotrophic (diabetes, cranial nerve V)

Keratoacanthoma

• Squamous cell carcinoma
• Seborrheic keratosis
• Wart
• Molluscum contagiosum
• Basal cell carcinoma

Kidney Enlargement, Unilateral39

• Hydronephrosis (may be bilateral)
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