Introduction

Published on 09/04/2015 by admin

Filed under Surgery

Last modified 22/04/2025

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1.1 Introduction

Arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis refers to the measurement of pH and the partial pressures of oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) in arterial blood. From these values we can assess the state of acid–base balance in blood and how well lungs are performing their job of gas exchange.

Already there are questions: what is meant by ‘acid–base status’? What is a ‘partial pressure’? Why do they matter? It helps to break things down.

Part 1 of this book is designed to answer these questions. We start with a few pages covering the basic essentials of respiratory and acid base physiology: please do not skip them! If you understand these core concepts, the rest will follow seamlessly. Part 1 also explains how, when and why to obtain an ABG sample, before concluding with a simple step-by-step guide to interpreting ABG data.

Part 2 then allows you to put all of this into practice with a series of case scenarios involving ABG analysis. You may already have a method for interpreting ABGs but we urge you to try our system (set out in section 1.9) that offers a logical, methodical and consistent way of approaching ABGs. By seeing how this system can identify all of the major patterns of ABG abnormalities, we hope you will gain the necessary confi dence to apply it in clinical practice.

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1.1 Introduction

Arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis refers to the measurement of pH and the partial pressures of oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) in arterial blood. From these values we can assess the state of acid–base balance in blood and how well lungs are performing their job of gas exchange.

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