Treatment of Lower Eyelid Dermatochalasis, Herniated Orbital Fat, and Hypertrophic Orbicularis Muscle

Published on 14/06/2015 by admin

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CHAPTER 16 Treatment of Lower Eyelid Dermatochalasis, Herniated Orbital Fat, and Hypertrophic Orbicularis Muscle

Skin-Muscle Flap Approach

Surgical technique

A line is drawn beginning at the lateral canthus and extending approximately 1 cm in an almost horizontal direction. Several milliliters of 2 percent lidocaine with epinephrine is subcutaneously injected diffusely across the lower eyelid. Also, a 25-gauge, 1.5-cm needle is passed through the nasal lower lid skin just above the skin of the inferior orbital rim and then over the inferior orbital rim in a slightly downward direction to avoid penetrating the eye. The needle is inserted for approximately 1 cm, and 0.5–1 ml of 2 percent lidocaine with epinephrine is injected. This is repeated centrally and temporally.

A No. 15 Bard-Parker blade is used to make a skin incision 1.5 mm beneath the lower lid lashes (Fig. 16-1). The incision begins below the punctum and extends temporally for a distance of 2–3 mm temporal to the lateral canthus. The incision is extended for another 1 cm in an almost horizontal direction.

A 4-0 black silk traction suture is placed through skin, orbicularis muscle, and superficial tarsus of the central lower eyelid and is used to pull the lower eyelid upward. With a toothed forceps, the surgeon grasps the central lower lid at the skin incision site and pulls the eyelid downward and outward. A Westcott scissors is used to penetrate the central orbicularis muscle, with the scissors tips pointed inward and downward (Fig. 16-2). The suborbicularis space should be seen. The Westcott scissors is inserted into the space, and its blades are spread to elongate this dissection.

The traction suture and forceps are kept in the same position as the orbicularis muscle is severed along the incision site with Westcott scissors (Fig. 16-3) or other suitable instrument. A disposable cautery (Solan Accu-Temp, Xomed Surgical Products, Jacksonville, FL), Colorado needle, sapphire-tipped scalpel neodymium : YAG laser, or carbon dioxide laser (see Chapter 22) can also be used.1

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