Saphenofemoral Exposure

Published on 16/04/2015 by admin

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Last modified 16/04/2015

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Chapter 36

Saphenofemoral Exposure

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Femoral Anatomy

The femoral artery is an extension of the external iliac artery and by convention begins at the inguinal ligament. The first segment of the femoral artery and the femoral vein are enclosed within the femoral sheath and separated by a fiber septum (Fig. 36-1, A). The femoral sheath is a dense, fibrous band primarily consisting of two layers of fascia; the posterior aspect is a continuation of the fascia covering the pectineus muscle, and the anterior aspect is an extension of the transversalis fascia.

The iliac artery travels along the medial portion of the psoas muscle, then traverses the femoral triangle as the femoral artery. Moving laterally to medially within the femoral triangle are the femoral nerve, femoral artery, femoral vein, and the lymphatic tissue (NAVEL). The boundaries of the triangle are made up of the inguinal ligament superiorly, the sartorius muscle laterally, and the adductor longus medially. The roof of the triangle is composed of skin, Camper’s fascia, the inguinal lymph nodes, and the fascia lata.

As the femoral artery moves obliquely over the pectineus muscle, it divides into two branches, the profunda femoris and superficial femoral (Fig. 36-1, B). The superficial femoral artery exits the femoral triangle into the subsartorial (Hunter’s) canal, crosses above the adductor longus muscle, and runs beneath the sartorius muscle (Fig. 36-1, C). As it moves distally, the superficial femoral artery decreases in caliber, eventually forming the popliteal artery.

Exposure of Femoral Artery

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