Plant Profiles

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Filed under Complementary Medicine

Last modified 22/04/2025

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Plant Profiles*

Black cohosh, 523
Blue cohosh, 528
Chaste Tree, 531
Dong quai, 534
Ginger, 536
Kava Kava, 539
Red clover, 542
St. John’s wort, 544
Uva ursi, 547
Summary Table of Herbs for Women’s Health 553

INTRODUCTION TO PLANT PROFILES

These plant profiles are intended to serve as “monographs in brief.” The herbs were selected specifically because they are used frequently in gynecology and obstetrics and there is some amount of controversy surrounding their use or safety. Included in this chapter are profiles on:

• Black cohosh
• Blue cohosh
• Chaste berry
• Dong quai
• Ginger
• Kava
• Red clover
• St. John’s wort
• Uva ursi
• Wild yam

In addition, a comprehensive table of all of the herbs in this text is presented at the end of this section for the convenience of the reader who may wish to quickly reference in toto, the clinical use and safety information for the herbs in this textbook as applied to women’s health conditions. A separate table on herb–drug interactions appears in the appendices. For the sake of simplicity the data in the Plant Profiles and Summary Table of Herbs for Women’s Health are not individually referenced. Rather, readers are directed to the following sources from which information for the plant profiles was drawn:

TEXTBOOKS AND MONOGRAPHS

Barnes J, Anderson LA, Phillipson JD: Herbal Medicine, 3 ed, 2007.

Blumenthal M, Busse W, Goldberg A, Gruenwald J, et al.: The Complete German Commission E Monographs: Therapeutic Guide to Herbal Medicines, 1998.

Blumenthal M, Goldberg A, Brinckmann J: Herbal Medicine: Expanded Commission E Monographs, 2000.

Bone K: A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs, 2003.

Bruneton J: Toxic Plants Dangerous to Humans and Animals, 1999.

Ellingwood F: American Materia Medica, Therapeutics, and Pharmacognosy, 1919.

European Scientific Cooperative on Phytotherapy (ESCOP): ESCOP Monographs: The scientific Foundation for Herbal Medicinal Products, 2 ed, 2003.

Felter H, Lloyd J: King’s American Dispensatory, vols I and II, 1898.

Felter H: The Eclectic Materia Medica, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 1922.

McGuffin M, Hobbs C, Upton R, Goldberg A: American Herbal Products Association Botanical Safety Handbook, 1997.

McKenna DJ, Jones K, Hughes K, Humphrey S: Botanical Medicines: The Desk Reference for Major Herbal Supplements, 2002.

Mills S, Bone K: The Essential Guide to Herb Safety, 2005.

Moerman D: Native American Ethnobotany, 2000.

Schulz V, Hansel R, Blumenthal M, Tyler VE: Rational Phytotherapy, 2004.

Upton R: American Herbal Pharmacopoeias and Therapeutic Compendium Series.

Weiss R, Fintelmann V: Herbal Medicine, 2 ed, 2000.

WHO: The World Health Organization Monographs. Geneva: WHO.

Wichtl M: Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals: a Handbook for Practice on a Scientific Basis, 2004.

WEBSITES/DATABASES

AltMedDex. The US Pharmacopoeia herbal monographs: http://www.micromedexx.com

Cochrane Collaboration: http://www.compmed.umm.edu/Cochrane/Registry.html

Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database: http://www.naturaldatabase.com

National Library of Medline (PubMed): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi

Ovid: http://www.ovid.com/

26. Readers interested in further expanding their depth of knowledge on botanicals are encouraged to obtain these additional references.

* The author wishes to thank Roy Upton of the American Herbal Pharmacopoeia for generously allowing liberal use of information from monographs from the series American Herbal Pharmacopoeia and Therapeutics Compendium, and for assisting in the template for this chapter.

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BLACK COHOSH Pregnancy and Botanical Medicine Use and Safety ST. JOHN’S WORT History of Herbal Medicines for Women Pregnancy: Third Trimester Vaginal Infections and Sexually Transmitted Diseases