Chapter 18 Kyphoplasty
Indications
Kyphoplasty is performed in patients with recent vertebral fractures due to osteoporosis, angiomas, myelomas, metastasis, and so on, who present with pain refractory to conservative treatment including bed rest and drug treatment. The best results are obtained when the vertebral collapse has occurred recently—that is 3 months or less before the patient’s presentation [1,2].
Contraindications
Contraindications to kyphoplasty may be absolute or relative [1–3]. Absolute contraindications are as follows:
Complications
There is an overall incidence rate of complications with this procedure ranges from 0 to 9.8% [4–9]. The most common is cement extravasation, which may be avoided with the following precautions [10]:
Other, extremely rare complications of kyphoplasty are as follows:
Preoperative preparation
The imaging diagnosis would include the following:
Radiologic anatomy for kyphoplasty
Radiologic landmarks for kyphoplasty should be identified as follows (Fig. 18-3)
Methods of kyphoplasty
Instrumentation
Operating Room Setup
Figure 18-5 depicts the operating room setup for balloon kyphoplasty, consisting of the following: