IDENTIFICATION OF PATTERNS ACCORDING TO QI, BLOOD, YANG AND YIN

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Chapter 101

IDENTIFICATION OF PATTERNS ACCORDING TO QI, BLOOD, YANG AND YIN

Chapter contents

QI

Qi deficiency

Clinical manifestations

Slight shortness of breath, weak voice, spontaneous sweating, poor appetite, loose stools, tiredness, pale complexion, dislike of speaking.

Pulse Empty.

Qi sinking

Clinical manifestations

Breathlessness, weak voice, spontaneous sweating, poor appetite, loose stools, tiredness, pale complexion, dislike of speaking, a feeling of bearing down, prolapse of organs (stomach, uterus, anus, bladder), listlessness, chronic diarrhoea, chronic excessive vaginal discharge, mental depression.

Pulse Empty.

Collapse of Qi

Clinical manifestations

Sudden profuse sweating, mental confusion or unconsciousness, open eyes and hands, bright-white complexion, shortness of breath, incontinence of urine and faeces.

Pulse Minute.

Qi stagnation

Clinical manifestations

A feeling of distension of chest, epigastrium or abdomen, distending pain that moves from place to place, abdominal masses that appear and disappear, abdominal distension and pain which is not relieved by a bowel movement, premenstrual tension, breast distension, irregular periods, painful periods, mental depression, irritability, headache, constipation with bitty stools, a gloomy feeling, mood swings, frequent sighing.

Tongue In most cases, the tongue-body colour does not change but it will be slightly Red on the sides in severe cases of Qi stagnation.

Pulse Wiry.

Rebellious Qi

The clinical manifestations of rebellious Qi depend on the organ involved.

Clinical manifestations

BLOOD

Blood deficiency

Clinical manifestations

Dull complexion, dizziness, numbness tingling of the limbs, poor memory, blurred vision, insomnia, pale lips, dry eyes, white nails, floaters, palpitations, scanty periods, amenorrhoea, infertility.

Tongue Pale and Thin.

Pulse Choppy or Fine.

Blood stasis

Clinical manifestations

Dark complexion, purple lips, pain which is boring, fixed and stabbing in character and may be aggravated at night, abdominal masses that do not move, purple nails, purple petechiae, purple venules, bleeding with dark blood and dark clots.

Tongue Purple.

Pulse Wiry, Firm or Choppy.

Liver

Purple nails, dark face, painful periods with dark menstrual blood containing dark clots, abdominal pain, premenstrual pain, irregular periods, infertility.

Tongue Purple especially on the sides.

Pulse Wiry or Firm.

Heart

Purple lips, stabbing or pricking pain in the chest, palpitations, mental restlessness, in severe cases psychosis.

Tongue Purple on the sides towards the front, purple and distended veins under the tongue.

Pulse Choppy or Knotted.

Lungs

A feeling of oppression of the chest, chest pain, coughing of dark blood.

Tongue Purple in the front part or the sides in the centre section, purple and distended veins under the tongue.

Stomach

Epigastric pain, vomiting of dark blood, dark blood in the stools.

Tongue Purple in the centre.

Intestines

Severe abdominal pain, dark blood in the stools.

Uterus

Painful periods with severe stabbing pain that is usually unilateral, premenstrual pain, irregular periods, heavy periods, menstrual blood dark with clots, amenorrhoea, abdominal masses, infertility.

Tongue Purple.

Limbs

Swelling and pain of the limbs, purple extremities, purple nails, stiffness of the limbs.

Blood-Heat

Clinical manifestations

A feeling of heat, skin diseases with red eruptions, dry mouth, bleeding.

Tongue Red.

Pulse Rapid.

Heart

Red face, thirst, mental restlessness, insomnia, in severe cases manic behaviour, a feeling of heat, palpitations, blood in the urine, heavy periods.

Tongue Red.

Pulse Rapid-Full.

Liver

A feeling of heat, thirst, red skin eruptions, irritability, propensity to outbursts of anger, epistaxis, red eyes, bitter taste, heavy periods.

Tongue Red.

Pulse Rapid-Wiry.

Stomach

A feeling of heat, thirst, bleeding gums, vomiting of blood, epigastric pain.

Tongue Red.

Pulse Rapid-Overflowing.

Blood-Dryness

Blood-Dryness occurs in conjunction with Blood deficiency and it is an extreme case of it.

Clinical manifestations

Dull complexion, dizziness, numbness/tingling of the limbs, poor memory, blurred vision, insomnia, pale lips, dry eyes, white nails, ‘floaters’, palpitations, scanty periods with dry menstrual blood, amenorrhoea, irregular periods, dryness of the vagina, infertility, dry mouth and throat, dry skin and hair, dry, withered nails, thin body, dry stools, scanty urination, itching of the skin, very dry and scaly skin.

Tongue Pale, Thin and Dry.

Pulse Choppy or Fine.

Blood-Cold

Clinical manifestations

A feeling of cold, cold hands and feet, numbness of the limbs, dry skin, a feeling of cold and pain of the chest, epigastrium or abdomen, abdominal pain that is relieved by the application of heat, bluish or dull-white complexion, painful periods, pain alleviated by the application of heat, a feeling of cold during the periods, scanty periods, delayed cycle, menstrual blood bright red with small dark clots.

Tongue Pale or Bluish-Purple.

Pulse Choppy.

Loss of Blood

Clinical manifestations

Nosebleed, vomiting of blood, coughing of blood, blood in the stools, heavy periods, with flooding and trickling, blood in the urine.

Collapse of Blood

Collapse of Blood occurs with an acute, profuse, sudden haemorrhage.

Clinical manifestations

Sudden, profuse haemorrhage, bright-white face, sudden loss of lustre and moisture of the face, dizziness, blurred vision, ‘floaters’, palpitations, shortness of breath, cold hands and feet, pale lips, in severe cases unconsciousness.

Tongue Pale.

Pulse Minute or Hollow.

YANG

Yang deficiency

Clinical manifestations

Shortness of breath, weak voice, spontaneous sweating, poor appetite, loose stools, tiredness, bright-pale complexion, dislike of speaking, a feeling of cold, cold limbs, absence of thirst, desire for hot drinks, frequent pale urination.

Tongue Pale.

Pulse Deep-Weak.

Collapse of Yang

Clinical manifestations

Chilliness, cold limbs, weak breathing, profuse sweating with sweat like pearls, absence of thirst, profuse pale urination or incontinence of urine, loose stools, incontinence of faeces, mental confusion or unconsciousness.

Tongue Pale-Wet-Short.

Pulse Deep-Minute.

Clear Yang not ascending

Clinical manifestations

Dizziness, blurred vision, tinnitus, a feeling of cold, cold limbs, tiredness, weak muscles, poor appetite, loose stools.

Tongue Pale.

Pulse Weak.

In this case, the dizziness and blurred vision are not due to Blood deficiency but instead to the deficient clear Qi not ascending and therefore not brightening the orifices. For the same reason, in this case tinnitus is not due to a Kidney deficiency but rather to a failure of clear Qi to ascend and brighten the ear orifices.

YIN

Yin deficiency

Clinical manifestations

Dry mouth, dry throat at night, night sweating, dizziness, tinnitus, tiredness, thin body, insomnia.

Tongue Without coating.

Pulse Fine or Floating-Empty.

Yin deficiency with Empty-Heat

Clinical manifestations

Dry mouth, dry throat at night, night sweating, dizziness, tinnitus, tiredness, thin body, insomnia, five-palm heat, a feeling of heat in the evening, scanty dark urine, dry stools.

Tongue Red without coating.

Pulse Fine-Rapid or Floating-Empty.

Collapse of Yin

Clinical manifestations

Abundant perspiration, skin hot to the touch, hot limbs, dry mouth, retention of urine, constipation.

Tongue Red, Short without coating.

Pulse Floating-Empty-Rapid.

Turbid Yin not descending

Clinical manifestations

A feeling of distension and oppression of the epigastrium, poor appetite, loose stools or constipation, scanty urine, urine retention, a feeling of heaviness of the body, lethargy, oedema of the ankles.

Tongue Sticky coating.

Pulse Soggy.

COMBINED QI, BLOOD, YIN AND YANG

Yin and Yang both deficient

Clinical manifestations

Thin body, depression, shortness of breath, dislike of speaking, tiredness, cold limbs, a feeling of cold, sweating and a feeling of heat on slight exertion, palpitations, blurred vision, dizziness, tinnitus.

Tongue Either Pale or Red.

Pulse Fine or Weak.

Qi and Blood both deficient

Clinical manifestations

Tiredness, loose stools, poor appetite, weak muscles, weak voice, dislike of speaking, spontaneous sweating, palpitations, blurred vision, dizziness, shortness of breath, dull-pale complexion, numbness/tingling of the limbs, scanty periods, late periods, heavy periods.

Tongue Pale.

Pulse Weak or Choppy.

Qi and Yin both deficient

Clinical manifestations

Tiredness, loose stools, poor appetite, weak muscles, weak voice, dislike of speaking, spontaneous sweating, shortness of breath, dry throat, dry mouth, dry cough, dry eyes, a feeling of heat in the afternoon.

Tongue Without coating.

Pulse Fine.

Diagnosis in Chinese Medicine A Comprehensive Guide

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IDENTIFICATION OF PATTERNS ACCORDING TO QI, BLOOD, YANG AND YIN

IDENTIFICATION OF PATTERNS ACCORDING TO QI, BLOOD, YANG AND YIN

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