Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Published on 04/03/2015 by admin

Filed under Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Medicine

Last modified 04/03/2015

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Chapter 30

Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Summary of Key Points

• Hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is a potentially curative treatment for a variety of hematopoietic, immune, metabolic, and malignant diseases.

• Hematopoietic stem cells for transplantation can be collected from bone marrow, peripheral blood, or umbilical cord blood.

• With the advent of unrelated donor, haploidentical, and cord blood transplantation, virtually every patient can now have a suitable donor.

• Reduced-intensity conditioning regimens are associated with lower treatment-related mortality and allow for transplantation in elderly and patients with comorbidities who are not candidates for myeloablative HCT.

• Allogeneic HCT is most frequently performed for patients with acute and chronic leukemias, myelodysplastic syndromes, immune deficiencies, metabolic disorders, and bone marrow failure states.

• Autologous HCT is usually performed as part of the initial treatment for multiple myeloma, relapsed Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and select solid tumors.

• Common complications of HCT include regimen-related organ toxicity, graft rejection, graft-versus-host disease, infections, and secondary malignancies.