Halitosis

Published on 23/05/2015 by admin

Filed under Internal Medicine

Last modified 23/05/2015

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Halitosis

Halitosis is a frequent or persistent unpleasant odour to the breath. It is usually due to poor dental hygiene. It may have a significant impact, both personally and socially, on those who suffer from it. Rarely, it may be the symptom of a serious underlying condition.

Causes

• Poor oral hygiene

• Diet, e.g. onions, garlic, spices

• Excess alcohol intake

• Dental abscess

• Dry mouth, e.g. starvation, salivary gland disease

• Acute and chronic sinusitis

• Acute tonsillitis

• Nasal foreign body

• GORD

• Abdominal sepsis, e.g. foetor of acute appendicitis

• Drugs, e.g. disulfiram

• Psychogenic halitosis

• Pharyngeal pouch

• Bronchiectasis

• Liver failure

• Renal failure (uraemia)

• Necrotic oral/nasopharyngeal cancer

History

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