Endocrine Complications

Published on 04/03/2015 by admin

Filed under Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Medicine

Last modified 04/03/2015

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Chapter 61

Endocrine Complications

Summary of Key Points

Introduction

• Endocrine dysfunction may occur as a direct result of cancer or may be a consequence of cancer therapy (e.g., surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, biological agents, and hormone therapy). Endocrine dysfunction may be an intentional consequence or an adverse effect of antineoplastic therapy.

• Hypopituitarism with clinically significant deficiencies of growth hormone, thyrotropin, gonadotropin, and corticotrophin may result from radiation (cranial or total body irradiation), surgery, or chemotherapy.

• Thyroid dysfunction from neck irradiation, immune therapy (interleukin-2), and small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as sunitinib may result in either hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism.

• Gonadal dysfunction after surgery, radiotherapy, or chemotherapy results in disruption of puberty, infertility, and premature menopause.

• Adrenal dysfunction from agents such as ketoconazole or aminoglutethimide may result in glucocorticoid or mineralocorticoid deficiency.

• Pancreatitis and, occasionally, pancreatic exocrine or endocrine deficiencies may result from chemotherapy (l-asparaginase and streptozotocin).