Granulosa Cell Tumor
Synonyms/Description
Granulosa-theca cell tumor
Sex cord–gonadal stromal tumor
Etiology
Granulosa cell tumors (GCTs) are relatively rare malignant neoplasms representing 3% of all ovarian cancers and 70% of tumors in the category of ovarian sex cord-stromal tumors. Granulosa cell tumors arise from a hormonally active component of the ovarian stroma that is responsible for estradiol production and hence represents 80% of hormone-producing ovarian tumors.
Granulosa cell tumor neoplasms are divided into the rare juvenile form (5%) and the more common adult type, which typically occurs in perimenopausal or postmenopausal women. The GCT is a slow-growing malignant tumor that typically spreads locally in the peritoneum and in 25% of patients recurs 5 to 10 years later, although sometimes decades after initial presentation.
Ultrasound Findings
Granulosa cell tumors can present as cystic/septated or solid masses arising from the ovary.
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