3.5 Burns
2 The definitive assessment of the ‘depth’ of the burn may be difficult early on, as the appearance can evolve during the first 24–48 hours.
3 The calculated amount of fluid (burn-deficient plus maintenance) to be replaced in 24 hours is only a guide and should be adjusted according to the child’s haemodynamic response.
Pathophysiology
The skin is the largest organ in the body, and its functions include:
The skin is composed of two main layers.
Epidermis: composed of stratified squamous epithelium, which is largely non-viable. It acts as the barrier to infectious agents as well as preventing fluid loss from the body.
History
Non-accidental injury should be considered if the presentation is delayed or where the history given is inconsistent with the burn sustained or if the burn has distinctive distribution (e.g. glove and stocking). Past medical history and immunisation status, particularly for tetanus, should also be obtained (see Chapter 1.1).