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Published on 02/06/2015 by admin

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Last modified 22/04/2025

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Wegener’s Granulomatosis

• Other granulomatous lung diseases (e.g., lymphomatoid granulomatosis, Churg-Strauss syndrome, necrotizing sarcoid granulomatosis, bronchocentric granulomatosis, sarcoidosis)

• Goodpasture’s syndrome

• Bacterial or fungal sinusitis

• Midline granuloma

• Viral infections

Wernicke’s Encephalopathy

• Thiamine deficiency, including alcohol abuse, malnutrition, and iatrogenic cause

• Stroke, mass lesion, or trauma affecting upper brainstem, thalamus, and associated structures

West Nile Virus Infection

• Meningitis or encephalitis caused by more common viruses (e.g., enteroviruses, herpes simplex)

• Bacterial meningitis

• Fungal meningitis (e.g., cryptococcal infection)

• Tuberculous meningitis

Wheezing, Pediatric Age ⁴

• Reactive airways disease

• Atopic asthma

• Infection-associated airway reactivity

• Exercise-induced asthma

• Salicylate-induced asthma and nasal polyposis

• Asthmatic bronchitis

• Other hypersensitivity reactions: hypersensitivity pneumonitis, tropical eosinophilia, visceral larva migrans, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis

• Foreign body

• Food, saliva, gastric contents

• Laryngotracheoesophageal cleft

• Tracheoesophageal fistula, H type

• Pharyngeal incoordination or neuromuscular weakness

• Cystic fibrosis

• Primary ciliary dyskinesia

• Cardiac failure

• Bronchiolitis obliterans

• Extrinsic compression of airways

• Vascular ring

• Enlarged lymph node

• Mediastinal tumor

• Tracheobronchomalacia

• Endobronchial masses

• Gastroesophageal reflux

• Pulmonary hemosiderosis

• Sequelae of bronchopulmonary dysplasia

• “Hysterical” glottic closure

• Cigarette smoke, other environmental insults

Wrist Pain

METABOLIC

• Paget’s disease

• Hypothyroidism

• Hyperparathyroidism

INFECTIOUS

• Osteomyelitis

• Septic arthritis

• Cat-scratch disease

• Tick bite (Lyme disease, babesiosis)

• Tuberculosis

NEUROLOGIC

• Peripheral neuropathy

• Nerve injury (median, ulnar, radial nerve)

• Thoracic outlet compression syndrome

• Distal posterior interosseous nerve syndrome

RHEUMATOLOGIC

• SLE, mixed connective tissue disorder (MCTD)

• Scleroderma

MISCELLANEOUS

• Granulomatous (sarcoidosis)

• Amyloidosis

• Multiple myeloma

Wrist and Hand Pain, in Different Age Groups ⁸

Common causes of wrist and hand pain in different age groups:

CHILDHOOD (2–10 YEARS)

Intra-articular

Periarticular

• Osteomyelitis

ADOLESCENCE (10–18 YEARS)

Intra-articular

Periarticular

• Osteomyelitis

• Idiopathic wrist pain

EARLY ADULTHOOD (18–30 YEARS)

Intra-articular

• Inflammatory arthritis

Periarticular

• Peripheral nerve entrapment

Referred

OLD AGE (>50 YEARS)

Intra-articular

• Inflammatory arthritis

• Osteoarthritis

Periarticular

• Peripheral nerve entrapment

Referred

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W

Wegener’s Granulomatosis

• Other granulomatous lung diseases (e.g., lymphomatoid granulomatosis, Churg-Strauss syndrome, necrotizing sarcoid granulomatosis, bronchocentric granulomatosis, sarcoidosis)

• Goodpasture’s syndrome

• Bacterial or fungal sinusitis

• Midline granuloma

• Viral infections

Wernicke’s Encephalopathy

• Thiamine deficiency, including alcohol abuse, malnutrition, and iatrogenic cause

• Stroke, mass lesion, or trauma affecting upper brainstem, thalamus, and associated structures

West Nile Virus Infection

• Meningitis or encephalitis caused by more common viruses (e.g., enteroviruses, herpes simplex)

• Bacterial meningitis

• Fungal meningitis (e.g., cryptococcal infection)

• Tuberculous meningitis

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